India exhibits a panorama of the ecological conditions of rest the world within the limited geographical boundaries .The flora and fauna of the Indian Subcontinent have evolved wide range of adaptations to cope with the climatic and seasonal fluctuations . The general climate of India is of Monsoon type.

Indian Subcontinent is unique in having immense natural beauty in its different biomes and also in possessing a rich and diverse wild life fauna. In India, nearly 200 Sanctuaries and National parks have been established for wild life management.

Kerala is one of the beautiful paradises in India, covering merely 1.3 percent of the total area of the country. Kerala enjoys balmy weather almost all through the year. It is neither too cold in the winter months nor too hot in summer.

Thattekad,Kerala’s first Bird Sanctuary was established in 1983 Augest 27,by Dr.Salim Ali,located in Idukky Wild Life Forest Division of Ernakulam District.It has an Area of 25 sq km and the river Periyar flows through this Sanctuary. This Sanctuary of great scenic beauty supports a diversity of fauna.